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Thursday, January 15, 2009

Better Sentence Writing Skills.

If it takes you twice as long to write something in English as it does in your own language, then try these tips.
Before you start Writing
Ask yourself "Why am I writing?" By thinking about the purpose of your text (perhaps you want to explain something, or ask something etc) you can choose the most appropriate vocabulary and level of formality.
Who are you writing to? Who is your reader, and what is their level of knowledge or English? Choose your language carefully and avoid words and expressions that are too technical or complicated.
Plan before you write. Prepare for writing by making a plan, and looking up all the words you need before you start writing.
A plan helps you keep a clear focus and helps you avoid repetition. Just jot down the points you want to make and order them into logical paragraphs. Remember that paragraphs shouldn't be too long.
In fact, in certain types of writing, such as emails, your paragraphs can be one sentence long. It's quicker to look up all the words you need before you write so you don't interrupt your "flow" of writing.
What to write?
Say why you are writing in the first sentence. Use phrases such as "I am writing to enquire about…" so that your reader understands why you are writing. If you're replying to someone, you can write "Thank you for your email."
Use standard greetings and endings. Most letters begin with "Dear Mr. X" or "Dear Ms X" and should end "Yours sincerely" (or in American English, "Sincerely yours"). If you know your reader quite well, you can be less formal with "Dear (first name)" and end "Best wishes" or "Best regards". If you absolutely have to write "Dear Sir" ends with "Yours faithfully" rather than "Yours sincerely"
In emails you can start with the first name "Jane", or precede it with "Hi" I am. If you are writing to a number of people, you can leave out the greeting. To end an email you can write "Best wishes", "Kind regards", "Thanks" or in British English "Cheers". Use a closing expression in letters such as "Please do not hesitate to contact me if I can be of further assistance." In emails you can write, for example, "Many thanks for your help."
In letters, write the date out in full: 7 June 2006 or June 7, 2006. Avoid using abbreviated dates such as (7/6/2006) as although British speakers will understand this as 7 June, Americans will understand it to be July 6.
Extra tips
Words such as 'and', 'but', 'therefore', 'however', guide your reader through your ideas and make your writing easier to read.
Be careful of referring words such as 'this' and 'it'. Make sure they refer to the right word or phrase.
Write as concisely as possible. Don't make your sentences too long, as they might become difficult to read. Avoid more than two ideas in any sentence.
Follow this word order principle to keep your sentences concise:
Subject - Verb - Object - Manner - Place - Time (Who — Does—What— How— Where- When) "Please could you send us the confirmation as quickly as possible?"
"The Managing Director will visit the factory on Monday 10 July at 10 am."
Edit what you write. Use your computer spell-check, but check for grammatical mistakes yourself. Edit out unnecessary words and phrases and avoid old-fashioned words such as "hereby", "herewith" and above-mentioned". Rather than writing "We hereby enclose a brochure", get to the point with "We are enclosing a brochure."
Read what you have written out aloud. Is it easy to read, or are the sentences too long? Have you put in enough punctuation?
Get someone else to check what you have written. Another person may see something that is unclear or a mistake.

Better English speaking skills

Improving your English speaking skills will help you communicate more easily and effectively. But how do you become a more confident English speaker? Practice where you can, when you can. Any practice is good - whether you speak to someone who is a native English speaker or not.
It's important to build your confidence. If possible, use simple English sentence structure that you know is correct, so that you can concentrate on getting your message across.
Try to experiment with the English you know. Use words and phrases you know in new situations. Native English speakers are more likely to correct you if you use the wrong word than if you use the wrong grammar. Experimenting with vocabulary is a really good way of getting feedback.
Try to respond to what people say to you. You can often get clues to what people think by looking at their body language. Respond to them in a natural way. Try NOT to translate into and from your own language. This takes too much time and will make you more hesitant.
If you forget a word, does what native English speakers do all the time, and says things that 'fill' the conversation. This is better than keeping completely silent. Try using um, or err, if you forget the word.
Don't speak too fast! It's important to use a natural rhythm when speaking English, but if you speak too fast it will be difficult for people to understand you.
Try to relax when you speak - you'll find your mouth does most of the pronunciation work for you. When you speak English at normal speed, you'll discover that many of the pronunciation skills, such as linking between words, will happen automatically.
Remember, when speaking English... Try to become less hesitant and more confident. Don't be shy to speak - the more you do it, the more confident you'll become. Remember to be polite - use "please" and "thank you" if you ask someone to do something for you.

Learn English by watching television

Television is great for learning English. The pictures make it easier to understand than radio and because you can see who's talking, you get a better idea of what people mean. Just watch their "body language"! Watch programmers that you find enjoyable and entertaining - whatever you watch will help you to improve your English.
Here's the English home guide to learning as much as possible while watching English television:
Only watch programmers you find interesting. Learning English should be fun - not something you have to force yourself to do. If you have a passion for football, watch matches or the sports news.
Keep a notebook near to your television, so that you can jot down any new words or expressions that you hear. This is especially useful if the programmed you are watching has been subtitled into your language.
Try to watch English television regularly. Even if you can only watch 15 minutes a day, you'll be amazed how much you learn.
Don't worry if you don't understand everything - English television is normally aimed at native English language speakers. Programmers often include difficult words and expressions. If the programmed you're watching is full of unknown words, just concentrate on understanding the general meaning.
Even cartoons and children's programmers are useful when learning English and quiz shows are useful for learning how to ask and answer questions in English.
Keep a note of television programmers and presenters that you find easy to understand and try to watch them regularly. Doing this will increase your confidence and give you a sense of achievement.